ICT in Urban Planning, About Sustainable Feature of The Smart City

Abstract

After industrialization, urban places have become very important for human residence. Recent researched have proven that more than half of the world population lives in places that can be defined as ‘urban’ or ‘districts’ (Schuurman, Dimitri; Baccarne, Bastiaan; De Marez, Lieven; Mechant, Peter, Dec 2012). Therefore, urbanization can be considered as one of the most important results of industrialization. During urbanization, urban areas began to change as a response for changing living conditions and growing population. Consequently, cities began to exploit and make the maximum use of the natural areas to suffice the rising living standards of the people. However, this caused ecological, environmental and regional problems such as urban sprawl, the loss of green space, loss of biodiversity, the increase of abandoned and polluted lands, distressed urban areas, high traffic of streets, inadequate infrastructure and threatened the ecosystem. In parallel to these changes, in 1987, the terms of sustainability and the report of ‘our common future’ drew attention and made people focus on environmental and development issues. The report ‘Our Common Future’ gave a major impetus to the global, regional and national environmental policies (ANDRA´ S SCHUBERT,ISTVA´ N LA´ NG, 2005). In this case sustainability’s target is to meet the economic, environmental and social needs of community without harming to the living conditions of future generations. In this statement, three components of sustainability have gained importance. These are economic, social and environmental.